Laser welding with tungsten carbide flux-cored wire is a laser precision wire-feed cladding process. It uses a laser heat source to melt the tungsten carbide flux-cored wire and forms a metallurgically strengthened layer with high hardness and high wear resistance on the workpiece surface. This technology addresses the drawbacks of large thermal deformation and poor performance of wear-resistant layers in conventional surfacing, and is widely applied in the wear resistance enhancement and precision repair of parts for mining, engineering machinery, moulds and petrochemical equipment.

1. Technical Principle

This process uses high-energy laser precise focusing to simultaneously melt the alloy steel outer layer, tungsten carbide powder welding wire and the surface metal of the workpiece, forming a tiny and stable molten pool. Rapid cooling under inert gas protection enables uniform dispersion of tungsten carbide hard phases in the metal matrix, producing a dense, defect-free metallurgically bonded strengthening layer.

Compared with conventional processes, it effectively avoids the burning loss of tungsten carbide and large heat-affected zone in arc welding, as well as material waste and uneven forming in laser powder feeding cladding, greatly imII. Core Characteristics of Welding Wire

The special laser-type tungsten carbide flux-cored wire has an optimized formula, compatible with the rapid laser melting and solidification process. It can effectively prevent welding cracking and component segregation. Its core features are as follows:

1. High toughness compatibility: Adopting a multi-component tungsten carbide alloy ratio, the hardness of the cladding layer can reach HRC50-60, balancing high hardness and crack resistance. It contains deoxidizing components to suppress oxidation of the molten pool.

2. Excellent process performance: The welding wire has dense filling and stable wire feeding. Laser welding produces no spatter with uniform melting. The burn-off rate of tungsten carbide is extremely low, maximizing the retention of wear resistance.

3. Reliable bonding: Modified alloys improve the wettability between powder and substrate. The bonding layer has no delamination or peeling, suitable for harsh working conditions with heavy load impact and severe wear.proving the precision and stability of the process.

Complete WC hard particles are dispersedly distributed in the matrix, showing excellent microstructure characteristics under the "high-energy rapid cooling" process.

Core Process Advantages

Compared with arc surfacing, plasma cladding and laser powder-feeding cladding, this process boasts outstanding comprehensive advantages:

1. Low thermal deformation: Laser heat input is concentrated, resulting in small workpiece deformation and low cracking risk, suitable for processing precision and thin-walled parts.

2. Excellent performance: The rapidly solidified microstructure features fine grains and uniform composition, delivering good wear and corrosion resistance. The service life of parts can be increased.

3. High cost-effectiveness: Wire-filling forming avoids consumable waste with a material utilization rate exceeding 98%. High forming precision greatly reduces finishing costs.

4. Strong adaptability: It supports local precision strengthening, thin-layer cladding and thick-layer surfacing, applicable to both new part manufacturing and old part repair.

5. High degree of automation: It can work with manipulators and CNC systems. Stable parameters ensure good consistency of finished products, making it suitable for mass production.